Major conflict1986 – 1989 · 3 years

Anfal campaign

Name: War Atlas: Named Conflicts and Empire Borders, 3000 BCE – Present
Creator: War Atlas
Keywords: wars, military history, conflicts, empires, historical atlas, casualties

Iraqi Kurdistan · Iraq

Estimated casualties

50K – 100Kestimated dead

Human Rights Watch estimated 50,000–100,000 deaths; Kurdish sources cite up to 182,000.

SOURCEscholarly

A genocidal counterinsurgency campaign waged by Saddam Hussein's government against Iraqi Kurds in 1986–1989, involving chemical attacks, mass executions, deportations and the destruction of thousands of villages. Human Rights Watch estimated 50,000–100,000 killed; it is internationally recognized as genocide.

Belligerents2

Iraq (Saddam Hussein/Ba'athist government)
Iraqi Kurds (peshmerga and civilians)

Conflict graph

SUB-CONFLICTS · 1

Halabja massacre1988

Sources

Wikipedia: Anfal campaign
UCDP Conflict Encyclopedia
Wikipedia — text reused under CC BY-SA 4.0

Open in the atlas →Seeks the timeline to 1986 and opens this record.

Cite as: Anfal campaign (1986 – 1989). War Atlas. https://waratlas.org/c/anfal-campaign · Sources & methodology