Ayyubid Sultanate

Overview

The Ayyubid dynasty, also known as the Ayyubid Sultanate, was a Sunni Muslim Kurdish dynasty that founded the medieval Sultanate of Egypt, which was established by Saladin in 1171, following his abolition of the Fatimid Caliphate. Saladin had originally served the Zengid ruler Nur al-Din, leading the latter's army against the Crusaders in Fatimid Egypt, where he was made vizier. Following the death of his Zengid suzerain Nur al-Din in 1174, Saladin was proclaimed as the first Sultan of Egypt by the Abbasid Caliphate, and rapidly expanded the new sultanate beyond Egypt to encompass most of Syria, in addition to Hejaz, Yemen, northern Nubia, Tripolitania and Upper Mesopotamia. Saladin's military campaigns set the general borders and sphere of influence of the sultanate of Egypt for the almost 350 years of its existence. Most of the Crusader states fell to Saladin after his victory at the Battle of Hattin in 1187, but the Crusaders reconquered the Syrian coastlands in the 1190s.

Wikipedia: Ayyubid dynasty·CC BY-SA 4.0

Borders & accuracy

Solid borders are reconstructed from canonical historical-basemap data or hand-crafted from scholarly atlases.

• SOURCEhand-crafted from scholarly atlases
• DETAILhand-traced-from:wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayyubid_dynasty
• SNAPSHOT1190
• POLITY TYPEstate

Wars of this empire13

Conflicts whose belligerents name this polity, best-documented first.

• Saladin's Campaigns1175–89
  Major conflict · 100K dead
• Third Crusade1189–92
  Major conflict · 100K dead
• Battle of Hattin1187
  Major conflict · 20K dead
• Seventh Crusade1248–54
  Significant · 100K dead
• Fifth Crusade1217–21
  Significant · 50K dead
• Siege of Acre (1191)1191
  Significant · 20K dead
• Battle of Jaffa (1191)1191
  Significant · 10K dead
• Sixth Crusade1228–29
  Significant · 5.0K dead
• Battle of Montgisard1177
  Regional
• Battle of Sidon1196
  Regional
• Battle of Gaza1239
  Regional
• Battle of Damietta1249
  Regional
• Battle of Fariskur1250
  Regional