Holy Roman Empire

Overview

The Holy Roman Empire, also known as the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation after 1512, was a polity comprising and controlling much of Central and Western Europe, headed by the Holy Roman Emperor and characterized by a decentralized political structure. It developed in the Early Middle Ages, and lasted for a millennium until its dissolution in 1806 during the Napoleonic Wars. Initially, it consisted of three parts—Germany, Italy, and Burgundy—held together by the emperor's overlordship. By the 15th century, imperial governance had become concentrated in and upon the Kingdom of Germany, as the empire's effective control over Italy and Burgundy had largely disappeared.

Wikipedia: Holy Roman Empire·CC BY-SA 4.0

Borders & accuracy

Solid borders are reconstructed from canonical historical-basemap data or hand-crafted from scholarly atlases.

• SOURCEaourednik / historical-basemaps
• DETAILhistorical-basemaps (Ourednik)
• SNAPSHOT1200
• POLITY TYPEstate

Extent shown is the HBM 1200 outline; the Empire persisted (with shifting membership) until its dissolution in 1806.

Wars of this empire64

Conflicts whose belligerents name this polity, best-documented first.

• Thirty Years' War1618–48
  World-changing · 8.0M dead
• Italian Wars - Franco-Spanish Conflicts1521–59
  Major conflict · 750K dead
• Nine Years' War1688–97
  Major conflict · 600K dead
• Great Turkish War1683–99
  Major conflict · 500K dead
• Battle of Legnano1176
  Major conflict
• Battle of Lutzen (1632)1632
  Major conflict
• Battle of Nordlingen (1634)1634
  Major conflict
• Thirteen Years' War1593–1606
  Significant · 400K dead
• Hussite Wars1419–34
  Significant · 200K dead
• Battle of Bouvines1214
  Significant · 10K dead
• Hungarian invasions of Europe899–970 CE
  Significant
• Battle of Cortenuova1237
  Significant
• War of the League of Cambrai1508–16
  Significant
• Northern Seven Years' War1563–70
  Significant
• Battle of Jankau1645
  Significant
• Wars of East Francia and the Ottonians900 CE–1002
  Regional
• Battle of Cedynia972 CE
  Regional
• German–Polish wars (972–1109)972 CE–1109
  Regional
• Battle of Cotrone982 CE
  Regional
• Battle of SantAngelo998 CE
  Regional
• Battle of Vlaardingen1018
  Regional
• Medieval German civil wars (1018–1141)1018–1141
  Regional
• Battle of Raab1044
  Regional
• Battle of Unstrut1075
  Regional

+ 40 more in the atlas.